C++ array

In this article, we will learn about C++ Array

Like other programming languages, array in C++ is a group of similar types of elements that have contiguous memory location.

In C++ std::array is a container that encapsulates fixed-size arrays. In C++, the array index starts from 0. We can store only a fixed set of elements in a C++ array.

Types of array in c++

There are 2 types of arrays in C++ programming:

1. Single Dimensional Array
2. Multidimensional Array

C++ Single Dimensional Array

An array of one dimension is known as a one–dimensional array or 1-D array or single-dimensional array.

Syntax:

array_name[array_size]

Example:

#include <iostream>  
using namespace std;  
int main()  
{  
 int arr[5]={10, 0, 20, 0, 30};  //creating and initializing array    
        //traversing array    
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)    
        {    
            cout<<arr[i]<<"\n";    
        }    
}  

Output:

10
0
20
0
30

C++ MultiDimensional Array

An array of two-dimension is known as a two–dimensional array or 2-D array or multidimensional array. for example

int x[3][4];

Here, x is a two-dimensional array. It can hold a maximum of 12 elements.

We can think of this array as a table with 3 rows and each row has 4 columns as shown below.

Example for Two Dimensional Array

// C++ Program to display all elements
// of an initialised two dimensional array

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int test[3][2] = {{2, -5},
                      {4, 0},
                      {9, 1}};

    // use of nested for loop
    // access rows of the array
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {

        // access columns of the array
        for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++j) {
            cout << "test[" << i << "][" << j << "] = " << test[i][j] << endl;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

Output

test[0][0] = 2
test[0][1] = -5
test[1][0] = 4
test[1][1] = 0
test[2][0] = 9
test[2][1] = 1

Advantages of C++ Array

• Code Optimization (less code)
• Random Access
• Easy to traverse data
• Easy to manipulate data
• Easy to sort data etc.

Disadvantages of C++ Array

• Fixed size